Offline Install MySQL on CentOS

Install

Recently this problem came across to me: I have to install MySQL Server on a Server (CentOS) with access only to LAN where yum is useless.
Here is the solution I found useful:

Step 1. Download MySQL

Download the package you desire from here as follows..

Step 2. Remove the built-in mariaDB

1. query the installed packages

rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb
This should print some names.

1. remove them

rpm -e --nodeps <package_names_listed_above>
Replace <package_names_listed_above> with the names shown with the previous command.

Step 3. Create a New User for MySQL Management (Optional)

1. Create new accounts/ account groups

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# create a new user group called mysql groupadd mysql # create a user under mysql group useradd -g mysql mysql -d /home/mysql # initialize the password for him passwd mysql

1. Create directories for data/log/etc.

The directories shall be consistant with what you configure in my.cnf, which will be created later.

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mkdir /home/mysql/3306/data mkdir /home/mysql/3306/log mkdir /home/mysql/3306/tmp

Step 4. Upload the software to the server

Move the software to /usr/local, create symbolic link and enable only usr mysql with the access.

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# unzip the package tar -xvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz # create a symbolic link ln -s mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/

Step 5. Create a config file my.cnf

1 2	cd /etc vi my.cnf

A complete example (also what I am using) of my.cnf will be provided at the end of this blog.

Step 6. Install MySQL

1 2	cd /usr/local/mysql/bin ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

After this step, a randomly initialized password for root user will be generated in home/mysql/3306/log/error.log, or the directory you specify at my.cnf

Step 7. Setup auto-start service

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cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld # check if the service is added successfully chkconfig --list mysqld # switch to user:mysql before the next step su mysql # start the service service mysqld start

Step 8. Configure environment variables

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# make sure you have logged in as mysql vi ~/.bash_profile # append this line to the file export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin source ~/.bash_profile

Step 9. Login and reset password

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# input the password generated mysql -uroot -p # reset a password friendly to human set password for root@localhost=password("123456");

Upgrade/uninstall

A method is also provided if you wanna upgrade or unintall the mysql that was installed in this way. Please backup import files before you go.

Step 1. Delete related service

1 2	chkconfig --list | grep -i mysql chkconfig --del <related service>

Step 2. Empty related directories

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rm -rf /home/mysql/3306/data/* rm -rf /home/mysql/3306/log/* rm -rf /home/mysql/3306/tmp/*

Step 3. Remove installed software

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# you can find where you installed them with these two commands whereis mysql find / -name mysql # get rid of them rm -rf /usr/local/mysql

An example for my.cnf

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[client] port = 3306 socket = /home/mysql/3306/tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] server-id = 1 port = 3306 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /home/mysql/3306/data tmpdir = /home/mysql/3306/tmp socket = /home/mysql/3306/tmp/mysql.sock pid-file = /home/mysql/3306/log/mysql.pid skip_name_resolve = 1 character-set-server = utf8mb4 transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4' lower_case_table_names = 1 max_connections = 400 max_connect_errors = 1000 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true max_allowed_packet = 128M interactive_timeout = 1800 wait_timeout = 1800 tmp_table_size = 16M max_heap_table_size = 128M query_cache_size = 0 query_cache_type = 0 read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M sort_buffer_size = 8M binlog_cache_size = 1M back_log = 130 log_error = /home/mysql/3306/log/error.log slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 1 slow_query_log_file = /home/mysql/3306/log/slow.log log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1 log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 5 min_examined_row_limit = 100 expire_logs_days = 5 log-bin = mysql-bin binlog_format = ROW binlog_row_image = minimal innodb_open_files = 500 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_log_file_size = 32M